Gliomas are one of the most invasive and poorly prognostic tumour types in the central nervous system， and existing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches present many challenges in coping with their high heterogeneity. In recent years， the rise of transomics technologies has brought new hope for molecular typing， diagnosis and individualised treatment of gliomas. By integrating multi-omics data from genomics， transcriptomics， proteomics， metabolomics， and epigenomics， it is possible to reveal the complex biology of gliomas and drive innovation in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This review will focus on the application of transomics in glioma research， analysing current progress， challenges and future directions.