Numerous studies have shown that metabolism associated fatty liver disease and depressive disorders often occur together. In order to delve deeper into the relationship between the two and their intertwined pathophysiological mechanisms， this article reviews recent studies on the pathogenesis of the two， covering neurotransmitter imbalance， systemic inflammation， insulin resistance， gut microbiota dysbiosis， structural changes in the brain， endocrine disrupters， and dietary habits， with the aim of analyzing these potential mechanistic links and looking ahead to the future research direction.