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Abstract:Objective To explore the application effects of drawing art therapy on psychological intervention of college entrance examination pressure for senior middle school students. Methods Senior middle school students were randomly selected from Changsha，Xiangtan and Zhuzhou. All students were randomly divided into three groups：drawing group，general group and control group. Test Anxiety Scale (TAS) and Middle School Students Stress Scale were measured at baseline and after intervention in all groups. Six times of group counseling with drawing art therapy (drawing group)，six times of general group counseling (general group) and one time of large lecture (control group) were conducted. Results Pressure of college entrance examination was improved significantly in drawing group，including exam anxiety and academic pressure (P ＜ 0.01). Pressure of college entrance examination was also improved significantly in general group (P ＜ 0.01)，but exam anxiety was not changed (P＞ 0.05). Academic pressure increased significantly in control group (P＜ 0.01)，while exam anxiety was not changed (P＞ 0.05). Exam anxiety and academic pressure improved more in drawing group than general group and control group (P＜ 0.01). And academic pressure improved more in general group than control group (P ＜ 0.01). While improvement of exam anxiety showed no difference between general group and control group (P ＞ 0.05). Conclusions Drawing art therapy can relieve the pressure and anxiety of college entrance examination for senior middle school students effectively. And the effect of drawing art therapy is better than general group counseling.

Abstract:Objective　To revise the Reflective Functioning Questionary-8 (RFQ-8) and assess its reliability and validity in China. Methods　Totals of 635 students who filled the RFQ-8， McLean Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder (MIS-BPD)， Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) were selected as school group. 75 patients who visited Department of Psychiatry in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University with borderline personality trait according to MISBPD were selected as clinical group and completed the RFQ-8. 47 students accepted the retest after three weeks randomly. Results　The internal consistency for RFQ-C and RFQ-U were 0.673 and 0.514， while the testretest reliability were 0.686 and 0.538， respectively. The correlations with TAS， FFMQ， MIS-BPD supported its validity. The score of RFQ-U was higher in clinical group， while the score of RFQ-C was higher in school group (P＜ 0.01). The scores of RFQ-U and DFQ-C was negatively and positively correlated with education levels of parents respectively (P＜0.01). Conclusions　The revised RFQ-8 is applicable to assess the reflective function of adults in China with good reliability and validity. Future research should be done in Chinese clinical samples．

Abstract:Objective　To explore the cognitive function of bipolar disorderⅡ patients with aggressive behavior. Methods　Sixty bipolar disorderⅡ patients in Department of Clinical Psychology， People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were enrolled. Selfcompiled inventory， Hypomania Check List (HCL-32)， Barratt Impulsivity Scale-11 (BIS-11)， Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS) and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) were tested. Patients were divided into aggressive group (n=30) and non-aggressive group (n=30) according to scores of MOAS. Results　There was no significant difference in HCL-32 score between aggressive group and non-aggressive group. The scores of motor impulsiveness aspect in BSI-11 and the first classification in WCST of aggressive group were significantly higher than non-aggressive group (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion　Bipolar disorder patients with aggressive behavior show more obvious motor impulsive， but similar executive function with patients without aggressive behavior. Aggressive behavior can’t be regarded as an external factor to predict further damage of cognitive function.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of intermediate molecules in the second signal transduction pathway of norepinephrine transporter (NET) with bipolar disorder，and look for biological markers of bipolar disorder. Methods Totals of 152 patients in accord with the diagnostic standard of bipolar disorder in DSM- Ⅳ who were followed for more than 3 years and 187 healthy controls were involved. Ligase detection reaction (LDR) was used to detect the genotypes of rs5569 and rs2242446 in NET，and rs5433 in Gβ3. The frequencies of genotypes and alleles were compared between two groups. Optimal scale analysis was used to determine the association between different genotypes and the effect of emotion stabilizer. Results No significant differences were found in frequencies of genotypes and alleles of three SNPs between two groups (P＞0.05). Emotion stabilizer showed better effect on patients carried with TT genotype of rs5433 (P＜ 0.05). Conclusions There are no association between SNPs rs5569，rs2242446 and rs5433 and bipolar disorder. The polymorphism of Gβ3 gene is related to recurrence prevention effect of emotion stabilizer， suggesting that rs5433 may be a marker SNP of emotion stabilizer.

Abstract:Objective　To explore the association between bipolar disorder and thyroid function. Methods　A total of 59 bipolar disorder patients diagnosed according to DSM-Ⅳ -TR and 41 controls were included. The levels of thyroid hormone， including serum total triiodothyronine (TT3)， free triiodothyronine (FT3)， total thyroxine (TT4)， free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD)， Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and Bech-Rafaelsen scale (BRMS) were used to assess the clinical symptoms of the patients. Results　The mania group showed significantly higher values of TT4 and FT4 than control group， and lower value of FT3 compared with depression group (P＜ 0.01). While the depression group showed significant lower values of TT3 and FT3， and higher value of FT4 compared with control group (P＜ 0.05). Level of FT4 was significantly higher in female mania group than control group (P＜ 0.05). Level of TT3 was significantly lower in female depression group compared with mania group and control group(P ＜ 0.05). Female depression group showed significant higher level of FT4， and lower TT3 compared with control group (P＜ 0.05). Only level of TT4 was significantly higher in male mania group than control group (P＜ 0.05). In bipolar depression patients， the level of FT4 was negatively correlated with HAMD score (r=-0.34，P=0.03). Conclusions　Thyroid function in patients with bipolar disorder shows certain changes. Changes in the level of thyroid hormone were different between mania patients and depression patients， especially in female.

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Abstract:Objective　To investigate the therapeutic effect of acupuncture on hand motor dysfunction in patients with hypertensive intracranial hemorrhage using tractography. Methods　 Corticospinal tract (CST) fibers from precentral knobs of 21 hypertensive intracranial hemorrhage patients were three-dimentionally recontructed. Furthermore， the different changes of NHISS scores and Brunnstrom hand stage scores were analyzed in accordance with different damage extent of CTS. Results　In patients with undamaged CTS， NHISS scores， not Brunnstrom hand stage scores， were improved significantly after acupuncture treatment (P＜ 0.05). In patients with partially damaged CTS， both NHISS scores and Brunnstrom hand stage scores were improved significantly after acupuncture treatment (P ＜0.05). However， in patients with fully damaged CTS， neither NHISS scores nor Brunnstrom hand stage scores were changed significantly. Conclusions　Tractography can clearly demonstrate the damage extent of CTS fibers from hand knobs， which proves that acupuncture may obviously improve hand motor dysfunction in patients with partially damaged CTS.

Abstract:Objective　To study the effects of pioglitazone on the expressions of peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) in hippocampus and hypothalamus of diabetic rats and to explore the association between pioglitazone and cognitive function. Methods　Thirty male SD rats were equally randomized into control group (C group)， diabetic group (D group) and diabetes+pioglitazone group (DP group). The spatial learning and memory function were tested by Morris water maze after 8 weeks. Expressions of PPAR-γ in hippocampus and hypothalamus were detected by Western Blot. Results　In the Morris water maze， escape latencies of D group increased significantly compared to C group and DP group(P＜ 0.05). The expressions of PPAR-γ in hippocampuses and hypothalamuses of D group were significantly lower than C group and DP group(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions　Pioglitazone could increase the expressions of PPAR-γ in hippocampus and hypothalamus of diabetic rats， which may be related to the improvement of spatial learning and memory function caused by pioglitazone.

Abstract:Objective　To explore the curative effect of drug therapy and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting (PTAS) on patients with symptomatic cerebral artery stenosis retrospectively. Methods　Patients who met the standards of moderate to severe cerebral artery stenosis according to digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were involved. The endpoint events during and beyond hospitalization were analysed. Results　(1)Totals of 421 patients， including 256 patients who underwent PTAS and 165 patients who only received drug therapy were included. There were significant differences on primary and serious (disable or fatal) endpoint events between two groups［ 28(10.94%) vs 2(1.21%)， 16(6.25%)vs 0， P＜0.01］. (2)A total of 60 patients received drug with PTAS and 46 patients received drug therapy only were followed up after hospitalization. There was significant difference on primary endpoint events between two groups［5(8.33%) vs 10(21.74%)， P=0.05］. No significant difference was found in serious endpoint events between［ 2(3.33%) vs 6(13.04%)， P＞ 0.05］. Conclusions　The perioperative complications of PTAS are high. For long-term benefits， drug therapy combined with PTAS can effectively prevent the occurrence of stroke in the territory of pathological artery.

Abstract:目的　探讨儿童期情感虐待对青少年期焦虑症的影响。方法　采用整群抽样法，对河南省 新乡市493名初中生进行一般社会资料问卷，焦虑自评量表(SAS)、儿童虐待史问卷(CECA.Q)进行评估。 结果　青少年焦虑与家中是否有兄弟姐妹、父母离异和父母接受教育的程度无明显关系；青少年焦虑和 情感虐待有明显的关联；Logistic回归结果发现，控制年龄、性别因素后，情感虐待与青少年焦虑呈正相关。 父亲和母亲的忽视增加青少年焦虑的风险最明显，父母的憎恶对青少年焦虑症影响较小。结论　父母的 忽视是青少年焦虑的重要风险因素。

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Abstract:肠道微生物不仅局限作用于胃肠道，可以通过脑肠轴对大脑功能产生重要影响。肠道微生 物结构与功能的改变与阿茨海默病、帕金森病、多发性硬化、脑卒中等一系列常见中枢神经系统疾病密 切相关，通过改善肠道微生物的微生态疗法有望成为预防和治疗中枢神经系统疾病的有效途径。现对近 年来肠道微生物与常见中枢神经系统疾病的相关研究进展进行综述。

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Abstract:癫痫与睡眠之间关系错综复杂，两者相互影响。睡眠时相可影响癫痫发作，癫痫及抗癫痫 治疗对睡眠会产生一定影响；癫痫患者常合并各种睡眠问题，改善患者睡眠有助于控制发作。正确认识 癫痫与睡眠、睡眠障碍之间关系对临床上控制发作，提高生活质量有重要意义。现对此方面相关研究进 行综述。

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