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Abstract:Objective To explore the related influencing factors of social support and subjective wellbeing of the one-child death family. Methods A total of 841 people who met the entry criteria from the onechild death families in 3 districts in the main city of Chongqing were randomly selected. Field surveys were conducted using the general questionnaire， the Social Support Rating Scale（ SSRS） and the Memorial University of Newfoundland Happiness Inventory（ MUNSH） scale. Results The bereaved parents who have lost the onlychild for over 5 years showed lower scores in objective support and support utilization in SSRS and lower scores in the total score of MUNSH and positive emotion（ P＜0.05）. The parents with somatic disease had significantly lower scores in the total score of SSRS， objective support and support utilization（ P＜0.05）. There was statistical differences in total score of SSRS， each dimension score and the negative experience dimension score of MUNSH among participants with different finance income（ P＜ 0.05）. Taking the marital status， education level， years of loss， somatic disease and income level as independent variables， SSRS and MUNSH scores were used as the dependent variables to make multiple linear regression analysis. The marital status and educational level entered the regression equation of social support score（ P＜0.05）， and the years of loss entered the regression equation of well-being score（ P＜0.05）. Conclusions The social support and subjective well-being of the one-child death family were influenced by the years of loss， physical illness， income level， marital status and educational level.

Abstract:Objective To analyze and explore the clinical characteristics and influencing factors of antipsychotics（ ATP） augmentation for the treatment of severe major depression. Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data was conducted among 472 patients with severe major depression who were admitted to Beijing Anding Hospital between December 2013 and November 2016. The data were concerned the demography and clinical characteristics to compare the differences between ATP augmentation group and non- ATP group. Results The proportion of ATP augmentation was 56.3%（ 266/472）， of which 99.2%（ 264/266） patients received atypical antipsychotics augmentation treatment， and the most common used antipsychotic were quetiapine， olanzapine and aripiprazole. Compared to non-ATP group， the characteristics of ATP augmentation group were younger［ （43 vs 50） years old； Z=-2.908，P＜0.01］， with earlier illness onset age［ （38.9±13.4） vs （35.4±13.0）years old；t=-2.822，P＜0.01］， more single（ 15.0% vs 26.7%；χ2=9.290， P＜0.01）， with higher psychotic symptoms rates（ 3.9% vs 29.7%；χ2=51.461，P＜ 0.01）， and with more mood stabilizers use（ 4.4% vs 11.3%；χ2=7.311，P ＜ 0.01）， more selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors（ SSRIs） use（ 55.8% vs 68.8%； χ2=8.393， P ＜ 0.01）， as well as longer hospitalization days［（26 vs 28） d；Z=-3.635，P ＜ 0.01）］. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that psychotic symptoms（ OR=10.682，95%CI=4.948-23.064，P＜0.01）， mood stabilizers use（ OR=3.054， 95%CI=1.356-6.881，P＜0.01）， and no spouse（ OR=0.545， 95%CI=0.305-0.972， P＜ 0.05） were the influencing factors of ATP augmentation. Conclusions Clinical psychiatrists trend to choose antipsychotic augmentation for the treatment of hospitalized depressive patients with the characteristics of with psychotic symptoms， current mood stabilizer use and no spouse. Those patients with ATP augmentation need longer hospitalization days， with heavier burden of disease.

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Abstract:帕金森病（PD）严重影响着中老年患者的生活质量，目前PD患者行脑深部电刺激术（DBS） 的常用靶点包括丘脑腹中间核（Vim）、丘脑底核（STN）、苍白球内侧核（GPi）和桥脑脚核（PPN），由于Vim对 PD患者症状的改善局限于震颤，目前已被STN和GPi靶点所替代，这两个靶点解决了PD患者的震颤、僵 硬、运动迟缓以及异动症的症状，近十几年来，PPN靶点的应用解决了PD患者步态失调和姿势不稳等中 轴症状，现根据不同靶点DBS后PD患者症状改善情况进行综述。

Abstract:Objective To make a comprehensive analysis of the association between tryptophan hydroxylase（ TPH） gene A218C polymorphism and the susceptibility to schizophrenia. Methods Retrieval of literature on the relevance of schizophrenia and A218C in the domestic and foreign databases was conducted. Case-control studies published before May 2017 were obtained by screening in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After evaluating the quality of literature， Stata 14.0 software was used to do Meta analysis on A218C polymorphism. Results A total of 11 case-control studies were incorporated， including 3 419 cases of schizophrenia and 4 048 controls. Meta analysis showed that TPH 218A allele can increase the susceptibility to schizophrenia， but with racial differences. The white people carrying A allele had a higher risk of suffering from schizophrenia. Conclusions TPH A218C gene polymorphism is associated with schizophrenia， which may be a risk factor for schizophrenia.

Abstract:Objective To explore the relationship between event-related potentials P300 and the severity of depression. Methods A control study was conducted among 28 moderate depression patients， 41 severe depression patients and 70 healthy controls. Results The latency of P3 was positively correlated with the scores of Hamilton Depression Scale（ HAMD-17）（ r=0.514，P＜0.01）. Compared with the healthy control group， the moderate group and severe group showed prolonged latencies of N2 and P3， and decreased P3 amplitude， with statistical significance（ P ＜ 0.05）. Compared with moderate group， the severe group showed prolonged P3 latency（ P=0.017）. Conclusions The cognitive impairment might be associated with the severity of the depression， and the P3 latency might be used as an indicator of severity in depression.

Abstract:Objective To explore the relationship between neurosurgeon’s work pressure and job burnout， and to explore the mediating effects of perceived social support on the relationship between neurosurgeon’s work pressure and job burnout. Methods A total of 100 neurosurgery doctors from five hospitals of Hubei Province were investigated by the scale for occupational stressors on clinician and perceived social support scale. Results Work pressure， emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scores of the neurosurgeons with high perceived social support were lower than those of the neurosurgeons with low perceived social support (P ＜ 0.05). It was showed that work pressure of neurosurgeon was negatively correlated with both perceived social support and sense of personal achievement， and positively related with both emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. The perceived social support was positively related with sense of personal achievement， and negatively related with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. The perceived social support had a mediating effect between neurosurgeon’s work pressure and job burnout. Conclusions Perceived social support plays an important intermediary role between work pressure and job burnout， so improving perceived social support can relieve neurosurgeon’s work pressure and reduce the feeling of job burnout.

Abstract:Objective To explore the characteristics and possible mechanism of the attention network function in people with different mobile phone dependence. Methods According to the Mobile Phone Addiction Index（ MPAI）， the volunteers were divided into groups of high and low mobile phone dependence， with 27 participants in each group. Attention network test was applied to compare the attention function between the two groups. Results The time of executive control network in the group of high mobile phone dependence was（ 102.96±19.15） ms， which was significantly longer than that of the low one（ 89.85±21.57） ms（ t=2.363， P=0.022）. The MPAI score was positively correlated with executive function network efficiency（ r=0.463， P ＜ 0.001）. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in alerting and orienting network efficiency. Conclusions Compared with the group of low mobile phone dependence， the executive control in the group of high mobile phone dependence is poor， and the degree of decline is related to the degree of mobile phone dependence.

Abstract:住院医师是医院人才梯队建设的基础，合理地安排培训工作，提高青年医师综合素质，对培养高层次医学人才至关重要。宣武医院作为北京市首批神经内科住院医师规范化培训基地，近5年已为社会培育出120名住院医师，取得北京市住院医师规范化培训合格证书。以宣武医院神经内科近5年培训实践为例，探讨神经内科规范化培训的现状和管理实践，为持续改进培训工作提供参考。

Abstract:精神分裂症作为一种具有高致残率、高复发率的重性精神疾病，通常伴随较差临床结局， 而预后结局始终是临床治疗及研究的重点。以往临床上针对精神分裂症患者结局的评价方式主要依靠 单一的症状学描述及客观指标，而现如今评价患者结局方式已向结合评价患者主观感受的多元化方式迈 进，如主观幸福感及生活满意度等，从而使结局评价更为准确。分析直接影响患者结局的主要因素能够 为病因学研究提供思路且有助于制定个体化治疗策略，增加对疾病了解。依据生物-心理-社会理论， 从未治期、发病年龄、心理运动、心理弹性、家庭环境因素及社会环境因素方面进行综述和分析，并以此为 基础指出未来临床结局研究方向，以期为进一步探究结局影响因素路径进而改善干预措施提供理论指导。

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Abstract:抑郁症的嗅觉障碍在其发病过程中具有特征性表现。近年来，国外研究证实抑郁症存在嗅 觉功能的缺陷并与嗅球体积的减小存在关联，但嗅觉功能障碍在抑郁症的临床表现和严重程度之间的机 制尚不完全清楚，国内研究亦甚少。故开展抑郁症嗅觉障碍的研究有助于开展抑郁症的早期诊断、疗效 评估。进一步研究有望为将来探索定位于嗅觉系统的非侵入性靶点式疗法提供思路。

Abstract:注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是儿童期最常见的精神和行为障碍之一，大量证据表明 ADHD是一个涉及大脑的生物学疾病。目前对ADHD儿童的干预主要以药物以及行为疗法为主。文章 结合国外对ADHD儿童的脑研究——运动控制以及与反应时相关的神经系统，进一步探讨脑电生物反馈 干预对ADHD儿童脑神经以及自我控制的影响。