Abstract:Sleep medicine research originated in 1870s， but the progress of diagnosis and treatment in subsequent 100 years was relatively slow. Sleep medicine entered the fast track of development until 1970s. This paper reviews and summarizes the development of international diagnosis and classification system of sleep disorders， the development of diagnosis and detection methods of sleep disorders， and the progress of treatment of sleep disorders. We hope to provide some reference for the follow-up study of sleep medicine.

Abstract:Psychological crisis intervention is essential for survivors or witnesses after disasters. This paper introduced the object and clinical symptoms of psychological crisis. Then， it provided an overview of practices in coordinating human resources， applying psychological crisis skills， and caring of response workers. Next， it summarized the ethical issues in crisis interventions. Finally， it discussed the challenges in developing evidenced-based national psychological crisis intervention guideline.

Abstract:Objectives To observe the effect of Electroacupuncture（ EA） pretreatment in the prevention of post-traumatic stress disorder（ PTSD） and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods A total of 32 healthy male Sprague Dawley（ SD） rats were randomly divided into four groups after adjusting the environment CB1R and DAGLα in the prefrontal cortex of ESPS model rats. Conclusions Electroacupuncture pretreatment alleviated ESPS-induced anxiety-like behavior in rats， which may be related to increased expression of CB1R and DAGLα in the prefrontal cortex of the brain. Further studies are needed to clarify their relevance. for 1 week： Sham group， ESPS group， Sham+EA group and ESPS+EA group， with 8 rats in each group. Rats in Sham+EA group and ESPS+EA group received electroacupuncture stimulation（ Baihui， 1 mA， 2/15 Hz） for 30 minutes every day for 1 week. The other two groups received sham stimulation（ EA treatment without electricity） for 1 week. Rats in ESPS group and ESPS+EA group were then exposed to enhanced single prolonged stress（ ESPS）. Two weeks after ESPS， the behavior of each rat was observed in the open field test and elevatedplus maze test. The expression of endocannabinoid receptor type 1（ CB1R）， monoacylglycerol lipase（ MAGL） and diacylglycerol lipase（ DAGLα） were measured by Western blot. Results （1） ESPS treatment resulted in anxiety-like behavior in rats， reduced time and frequency of entering the open-field central area， and reduced frequency of entering the elevated cross arm. The expression levels of CB1R and DAGLα in the prefrontal cortex of rats in the ESPS group decreased， while the expression of MAGL did not change significantly. （2）Electroacupuncture pretreatment can ameliorate the anxiety-like behavior， and restore the expression of

Abstract:Objectives To explore the mediating role of self-acceptance between parenting style and social phobia， so as to provide evidence for the formulation of intervention plan. Methods A total of 1 253 students from secondary vocational schools were recruited as the research subject. A cross-sectional study was carried out with the Brief Social Phobia Scale（ BSPS）， the Self-Acceptance Questionnaire（ SAQ） and Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran（ EMBU）. The structure equation model and bootstrap were adopted to verify the mediating effect of self-acceptance between parenting style and social phobia. Results Apart from parental preference factor， social phobia is significantly correlated with 9 factors of parenting style（ Ps＜0.01）. Social phobia is significantly negatively correlated with self-acceptance and self-assessment（ Ps＜ 0.01）. Selfacceptance and self-assessment are significantly correlated with most factors of parenting style（ Ps＜0.01）. The structural equation model showed that self-acceptance played a fully mediation role between parenting style and social phobia（ χ2/df=5.50， RMSEA=0.060， CFI=0.973， TLI=0.961， SRMR=0.047）. Bootstrapping indicated that the mediating effect of self-acceptance accounted for 76.47%. Conclusions Self-acceptance has a fully mediating effect between parenting style and social phobia.

Abstract:Objectives To evaluate the safety and efficacy of cisplatin（ DDP） and temozolomide （TMZ） in the treatment of recurrent high-grade gliomas with unmethylated MGMT promoter. Methods A total of 55 patients were included in this study. The patients were diagnosed with recurrent high-grade glioma with unmethylated MGMT promoter between 2016/04/30 and 2018/3/31. All patients in this group were confirmed by surgery and pathology as high-grade glioma（ WHO class Ⅲ or Ⅳ） and unmethylated MGMT promoter. During the follow-up period， the recurrence was confirmed with the pathological diagnosis of reoperation and/or the head MRI. Treatment of DDP and TMZ was performed. The adverse events rates and survival conditions were observed to evaluate the results. Results The efficiency for WHO Ⅲ glioma patients was 12.0%(3/25). The median survival time was 42 months. In the meanwhile， the efficiency for WHO Ⅳ glioma patients was 6.7%(2/30) and the median survival time was 17 months. The mean overall survival rate of 55 patients was 19 months. The adverse events in this group mainly included different degrees of myelosuppression， gastrointestinal symptoms and liver and kidney function damage， which were all recovered after targeted treatment. Conclusions DDP and TMZ play an effective role in the treatment of recurrent high-grade gliomas with unmethylated MGMT promoter.

Abstract:Objectives To investigate the role of Cannabinoid receptor 1（ CB1） on the spatial learning and memory function in mice with traumatic brain injury（ TBI）. Methods The concussive head trauma device was used to induce experimental TBI models. Mice were divided into control group， TBI+Vehicle group and TBI+AM281 group. The control group received sham surgery and AM281 solvent. The TBI+Vehicle group received AM281 solvent after injury treatment， and the TBI+AM281 group received CB1 receptor antagonist AM281 after injury treatment. Western blot was used to detect the expression of CB1 receptor and NR2B protein. The mass and volume of cerebral infarction area in mice were detected by Evansland staining. The spatial learning and memory ability of mice were tested by water maze experiment. TUNEL staining was used to label apoptotic neurons and detect the tune level of neurons in the hippocampus. Results After TBI， the expression level of CB1 in the TBI+Vehicle group at day 1 and day 3 increased significantly compared with that in the control group. In the TBI+Vehicle group， there were significant differences in infarct area mass and infarct volume compared with the TBI+AM281 group. In the TBI+Vehicle group， compared with the control group， the time to find the platform prolonged significantly， and the percentage of stay time in the quadrant of the platform reduced significantly. In the TBI+AM281 group， compared with the solvent group， the time to find the platform reduced significantly， and the time to stay in the quadrant of the platform increased significantly. In TUNEL staining， the administration of AM281 after TBI significantly reduced the apoptosis percentage of neurons and reversed the decreased NR2B expression level caused by TBI. Conclusions CB1 receptor was involved in the process of impaired spatial learning and memory ability in mice after TBI. Administration of CB1 receptor antagonist can reverse this injury， which may be mediated by NMDA receptor subunit NR2B.

Abstract:Objectives To investigate the improvement of cognitive function of elderly patients with recurrent depression disorder who was treated by drum circle therapy. Methods A total of 60 elderly patients with recurrent depressive disorder hospitalized in Kailuan Mental Health Center from January to October 2018 were selected， and divided into a study group and a control group， with 30 patients in each group. Patients in the control group received routine treatment and nursing. Besides routine treatment and nursing， the study group received drum circle treatment. The clinical symptoms and cognitive functions of inpatients were assessed by the Nurse Observation Scale（ NOSIE） and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale（ MoCA）， and the results were analyzed and compared. Results （1） Positive factor： There were statistically significant differences in scores in the group at different time points（ study group： F=62.95，P＜0.001； control group： F=61.32， P＜0.001 ）. There were statistically significant differences in scores between the two groups at the same time point（ End of the 4th week： F=8.88，P=0.004； End of the 8th week： F=6.53，P=0.013）.（ 2） Negative factor： There were statistically significant differences in scores in the group at different time points（ study group： F=70.00，P ＜ 0.001； control group： F=45.35，P ＜ 0.001）. There were no statistically significant differences in scores between the two groups at the same time point（ End of the 4th week： F=0.23，P=0.635； End of the 8th week： F=0.09，P=0.767）.（ 3） MoCA： There were statistically significant differences in scores in the group at different time points（ study group： F=36.12，P＜0.001； control group： F=11.81，P＜0.001）. There were statistically significant differences in scores between the two groups at the same time point（ End of the 4th week： F=4.24，P=0.044； End of the 8th week： F=4.39，P=0.040）.（ 4） The results of linear regression showed that whether patients participated in drum circle therapy was an independent factor affecting the change of MoCA score（ OR=9.253， 95%CI： 3.096-27.660，P＜ 0.001）. Conclusions Compared with patients receiving antidepressant drugs and nursing care alone， patients' positive factors improved better and negative factors improved faster after drum circle therapy， especially the improvement of cognitive function of patients responding to MoCA score by drum circle therapy was faster and more effective.

Abstract:Objectives To explore the effectiveness and safety of the health cloud headphones（ HCH） in patients with mild and moderate generalized anxiety disorder（ GAD）. Methods A total of 100 mild and moderate GAD outpatients who met the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for GAD were recruited and randomly assigned into the experimental group and control group， with 50 cases in each group. The experimental group was treated using HCH while the control group was treated using duloxetine. All patients received an 8-week treatment. The effectiveness was evaluated by Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale（ HAMA） and the safety of treatment was assessed by Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale（ TESS） before the treatment， 4 weeks into the treatment and at the end of the 8-week treatment. Results Two-factor repeated measure analysis of variance showed that there was no significant difference in the effects of group and time interaction on the HAMA scales of psychotic anxiety factors， somatic anxiety factors and total scores（ F=2.360，0.539，2.402，P＞ 0.05）. There was no significant difference in the main effect of group factors on the change of scale scores（ F=0.033，1.111，0.482，P＞0.05）， while the main effect of time factors was statistically significant（ F=133.260，52.091，121.092，P＜0.001）. Further comparison between the two groups showed that there were significant differences in the changes of psychotic anxiety factors， somatic anxiety factors and total scores between before the treatment and 4 weeks into the treatment（ P＜0.01）. There were significant differences in the scores between the 4 weeks into the treatment and at the end of the treatment（ P＜0.05）. There was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in terms of effectiveness rate（ 88.9% vs 92.9%） and marked effectiveness rate（ 53.3% vs 66.7%）（ χ2=0.410， 1.606， P＞ 0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group（ χ2=4.960， P＜ 0.05）. Conclusions The effectiveness of HCH in treatment of patients with mild and moderate GAD was similar to duloxetine， while the HCH therapy can improve symptoms with higher safety.

Abstract:Objectives To summarize and analyze the demographic characteristics and call demands of psychological assistance hotline callers in Hebei province from two aspects： data and content. Methods A total of 2 853 cases of psychological assistance hotline callers were selected as the research subjects from Hebei province（ the urban area and 22 counties） and its surrounding provinces and cities from March 2015 to March 2017. The different counseling problems were analyzed based on gender， age， occupation， educational background and marital status using SPSS 17.0 software. Results （1）Demographic characteristics. In terms of gender， the number of calls from men［ 1 514（53.07%）］ is higher than that from women［ 1 339（46.93%）］； In terms of age distribution， the number of calls from individuals 30-39 years old［ 858（30.07%）］ is higher than that from other age groups； the number of calls from current employees among different employment statuses is the highest［ 1 069（37.47%］； the number of calls from people with bachelor's degree or above was the highest among people with different educational backgrounds［ 1 242（43.53%）］； the number of calls from married people among people with different marital statuses was the highest［ 136（47.84%）］.（ 2）Distribution of caller demands in different demographic characteristics. The distribution of caller demands in different age， occupation， marriage and education showed statistical difference（ P＜0.05）， while the distribution of caller demand in different gender groups showed no statistical difference（ P＞0.05）. Callers under the age of 20 are mainly consulting on interpersonal relationship problems. Consulting on work-study-economic problems mainly focuses on people aged 20-29. Callers aged 30-39， 40-49 and over 50 mainly consult family problems. Current employees and peasant callers mainly consult emotional problems； students and temporary workers and unemployed people mainly consult work-study-economic problems； those who have retired due to illness mainly consult family problems； people with primary and junior middle school education mainly consult family problems； those with high school or bachelor's degree mainly consult work-study-economic problems； those with unmarried， divorced or other marital statuses mainly consult work-study-economic problems， while married people mainly consult family problems. Conclusions Different callers' demands are related to age， occupation， education and marital status， but the problems of counseling mainly focus on family problems and work-study-economy. It is suggested that counselors should have professional knowledge of these two aspects in future hotline counseling， in order to provide more effective help for callers.

Abstract:Objectives To analyze the clinical efficacy of escitalopram and fluoxetine in the treatment of depression and the influence on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor（ BDNF） and inflammatory response factor. Methods A total of 118 patients with depression admitted to the psychiatric department of our hospital from January 2017 to November 2018 were recruited as the research subjects. All the subjects were assigned to observation group（ n=59） and control group（ n=59） by random number table method. The control group was treated with fluoxetine， while the observation group was treated with escitalopram. The treatment lasted for 6 weeks. The clinical effects of the two groups were observed after treatment， and the two groups were compared before and after on serum levels of BDNF， neurological function-related factor（ S100B） and inflammatory reaction factors， including interleukin-2， 6（ IL-2， IL-6） and tumor necrosis factor-alpha（ TNF-α）. The changes of Hamilton Depression Scale（ HAMD） score and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale（ TESS） score were recorded before and after treatment. Results The total effective rate was 86.44% in the observation group and 76.27% in the control group. There was no statistical significance in the difference between the two groups（ P＞ 0.05）. After treatment， the level of serum BDNF increased significantly than before， while the level of S100B decreased（ P＜0.01）. The level of BDNF of the observation group is higher than that of the control group， while the level of S100B is lower after treatment（ P＜0.01）. After treatment， the levels of IL-2， IL-6 and TNF-α in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment. The levels of inflammatory factors in the observation group after treatment were significantly lower than those in the control group（ P＜0.01）. After 3 and 6 weeks of treatment， HAMD scores in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment（ P＜0.01）. The HAMD score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group after 3 weeks of treatment （P＜ 0.01）， however， there was no significant difference in the HAMD score between the two groups after 6 weeks of treatment（ P＞0.05）. The TESS score of the observation group was slightly lower than that of the control group during the treatment period， but there was no statistical significance（ P＞0.05）. Conclusions Escitalopram and fluoxetine are both effective and safe in the treatment of depression. Compared with fluoxetine， the level of serum BDNF in patients treated with Escitalopram is significantly higher， the level of inflammatory factors is significantly lower and the effect is faster.

Abstract:The use of cognitive training in the treatment of depression has attracted increasing attention. The main methods used in the study are attention training， working memory training， metacognitive training and mindfulness training. At present， cognitive training for depression has found that patients' attention， working memory have significantly improved（ i.e. near transfer）， and depression， rumination， suicidal ideation and other symptoms will also be alleviated with the improvement of cognitive function（ i.e. far transfer）. Future studies should focus on the impact of individual differences on outcomes， and improve assessment tools to examine the effects of cognitive training in all aspects.

Abstract:This article introduces the measurement tools of self-management of schizophrenic patients and analyze the influencing factors， so as to provide reference for effective intervention measures of selfmanagement of schizophrenic patients.

Abstract:Recently， the research on the speech characteristics of depression disorders has been widely concerned， and it has been applied to the diagnosis and recognition of depression by combining machine algorithms. This article reviews the speech acoustic features found in recent years related to depressive disorders and confounding factors that influence the results of these studies. The existing problems in this field were also summarized， and future research directions were further proposed.

Abstract:Depression is a mental disorder with a high prevalence rate， a high recurrence rate， and a high suicide rate. At present， it has become a major public health problem the world faced. 15 % -20 % of major depression can develop into treatment resistant depression. However， at present， traditional antidepressants often take 2 to 3 weeks to gradually take effect. Delayed effects can lead to increased risk of suicide and selfinjury in patients. Ketamine is a commonly used general anesthetic in the clinic. Since the early 1990s， it has been found that it has a definite antidepressant effect and can rapidly improve the symptoms of severe and treatment resistant depression. However， due to the restrictions on the clinical use of narcotic drugs and other problems such as substance abuse， the clinical promotion of narcotic drugs is affected. In recent years， ketamine in the treatment resistant depression has become a hot topic in academic circles. This article reviews the mechanism， research status and safety of ketamine in treatment resistant depression.

Abstract:Transcranial direct current stimulation（ tDCS） is a non-invasive brain stimulations technique， with characteristics of low-cost and portability. Many scholars believe that it may be a potential new way to treat depressive disorder. At present， the research on the treatment of depression in general population mainly focuses on optimizing the treatment protocols， and the results of different treatment protocols are inconsistent. Although the research on the treatment of depressive disorder in particular population is still in its infancy， some preliminary results have been achieved. This article reviews the research progress of tDCS on depression in different populations in recent years， with a view to providing some evidence-based evidence.

Abstract:The loss of children is considered to be one of the most stressful events in the lives of parents. Previous studies have shown that the risk of mental disorders in parents who have lost their children for a period of time after their death， especially complexity grief. This article reviews the mental disorders of bereaved parents and clinical interventions， aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical intervention of patients with bereaved parents.

Abstract:Cerebral small vessel disease（ cSVD）， which accounts for 20%-25% of stroke， is closely related to stroke recurrence， apathy， epilepsy， post-stroke depression and increased mortality. It is considered to be a sign of poor prognosis of stroke， and further study of cSVD is beneficial to the prevention and treatment of stroke. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound（ TCD） is a noninvasive method for detecting intracranial vascular lesions， which has been widely favored by clinical doctors due to its simple operation and economic application. It is a reliable method for early diagnosis of intracranial arterial lesions， and can provide an objective hemodynamic basis for the selection of treatment methods for intracranial lesions. Clinically， hemodynamic abnormalities caused by cSVD can be detected by TCD， and the degree of abnormalities can indirectly reflect the severity of cSVD， providing help for further understanding of cSVD. This article reviews the progress of TCD in the detection of small cerebral vascular disease.

Abstract:Neuropsychological test is a psychological test method for evaluating brain function. Cognitive dysfunction is a significant characteristic of bipolar disorder， however lacking of specific consensus assessment tools. Studies have shown that MATRICS（ the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia） Consensus Cognitive Battery，or MCCB， can be applied to the cognitive assessment of bipolar disorder. All sub-tests of MCCB show some sensitivity to cognitive defects， and have good retest reliability and operability. This paper reviews the application of MCCB in cognitive assessment of bipolar disorder， aiming to provide reference for further study and assessment of cognitive function of bipolar disorder.

Abstract:Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation（ rTMS） is a new neural stimulation technique developed based on transcranial magnetic stimulation（ TMS）. It has been performed on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It works by stimulating the cortex non-invasively and changing its excitability for therapeutic purposes. In recent years， rTMS has been widely studied and applied in the treatment of insomnia， and some curative effect has been achieved. This paper reviews the clinical research status of rTMS in the treatment of insomnia， by summarizing the relevant studies at home and abroad.

Abstract:Natto is a traditional Japanese food. Nattokinase is an alkaline serine protease secreted by Bacillus natto， which has fibrinolytic activity. Based on comprehensive analysis of basic and clinical research， it shows that nattokinase has a certain effect on anti-platelet， anticoagulant， thrombolytic， lowering blood pressure and lowering blood lipids. Based on the results of relevant literatures and expert discussions， we propose recommendations about using nattokinase in cardiovascular risk population， in order to provide auxiliary advice when doctor guide public to use nattokinase.

Abstract: