Abstract:The functional neurosurgery in China started from stereotactic neurosurgery， and gradually developed into an independent functional neurosurgery discipline. The diseases to be treated expanded from Parkinson's disease to a complete spectrum of functional neurosurgery diseases. The surgical technique also changed from focusing on nerve ablative procedures to paying equal attention to neuro lesion and neuromodulation. Functional neurosurgery has developed rapidly in China and maintained a strong momentum of development. It has become a new subdiscipline of neurosurgery with broad prospects.

Abstract:Objective Using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to explore the relationship between suicidal ideation and metabolites of prefrontal lobes in bipolar disorder patients. Methods A total of 21 patients with untreated bipolar disorder in one month were divided into suicidal ideation group （12 cases） and non-suicidal ideation group （9 cases） in People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from April 2017 to August 2019. The ratios of N-acetylasparte/creatine （NAA/Cr）， choline/creatine （Cho/Cr）， glutamic acid and glutamine complex/creatine （Glx/Cr）， myo-inositol/creatine （mI/Cr） in the left and right prefrontal lobes of the two groups were measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results The right prefrontal cortex mI/Cr ratios of bipolar disorder patients with suicidal ideation was higher than that of bipolar disorder patients without suicidal ideation （P＜ 0.05）. The NAA/Cr， Cho/Cr and Glx/Cr ratios in the right and left frontal lobes and mI/Cr ratios in left prefrontal lobe of the two groups showed no statistically significant differences （P＞ 0.05）. The mI/ Cr ratios of left prefrontal lobe was positively correlated with age of onset in patients with bipolar disorder with suicidal ideation （r=0.661，P＜ 0.05）. Conclusions Patients with bipolar disorder with suicidal ideation have increased levels of inositol metabolism in the right prefrontal lobe. The older the patients with bipolar disorder with suicidal ideation are， the more significant the level of inositol metabolism in the left prefrontal lobe is.

Abstract:Objective To explore the relationship between plasma cortisol level and elderly depressive symptoms. Methods Data was collected from the Rugao Longevity and Ageing Study （RuLAS） in 2017， including 1 744 older Chinese （aged from 70 to 89）. The Geriatric Depression Scale （GDS-15） was used to examine the depressive symptoms in participants （≥ 5 points as depressive）； morning blood collection was used to measure the glucose and plasma cortisol level； face to face multidimensional health assessment questionnaire was also administrated. Physical exams were performed by trained physicians. Results The prevalence of depression symptoms in Rugao elderly population was 16.5%（288/1 744）； in obese elderly people （BMI ＞ 28.0 kg/m2 ）， the cortisol level ［（13.60±3.99） μmol/dl］ of the depressed elderly was significantly higher than that of the non-depressed group ［（11.51±4.06） μmol/dl］， and the difference was statistically significant （t=2.939， P＜ 0.01）； In the obese group， after adjusting demographics， healthy behaviors and other factors， the increase in plasma cortisol levels was associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms in the elderly （OR=1.22， 95%CI=1.08-1.37，P＜ 0.05）. Conclusions In obese elderly people in Rugao， elevated plasma cortisol levels are associated with the risk of depressive symptoms.

Abstract:Objective To explore the effect of continuous intervention based on multidisciplinary team collaboration in elderly patients with post-stroke depression. Methods A total of 106 elderly patients with post-stroke depression who were admitted to our hospital from November 2017 to January 2019 were randomly divided into a study group （53 cases） and a control group （53 cases）. The control group was given routine inhospital medical care measures and discharged health guidance. In addition to this， the study group was given continuous intervention based on multidisciplinary team collaboration. Differences in quality of life， depression， dysfunctional status， stress response， compliance， and satisfaction were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention. Results After the intervention， the two groups' World Health Organization Quality of Life （QOL-BREF） scores were significantly higher than before the intervention， and the study group was higher than the control group （P ＜ 0.01）； the Hamilton Depression Scale （HAMD）， Adrenocorticotropic Hormone （ACTH）， Cortisol （Cs） in the two groups were significantly lower than those before intervention， and the study group was lower than those in the control group （P＜ 0.01）； the values of Dysfunction Assessment Scale （DAS） factors of the two groups were significantly higher than those before the intervention， and the research group was higher than those of the control group （P ＜ 0.01）. Conclusions Continuous intervention based on multidisciplinary team collaboration can effectively alleviate the psychological stress response of post-stroke depression， improve the depression and dysfunction conditions and improve patients' quality of life.

Abstract:Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis （CVST） in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome （APS）， so as to improve the diagnosis and treatment level. Methods The clinical characteristics， laboratory examination， imaging results， treatment and outcome of APS patients with CVST admitted to Xuanwu Hospital， Capital Medical University from January 2012 to April 2019 were analyzed retrospectively， and compared with APS patients without CVST. Results A total of 12 patients with APS and CVST were recruited， including 10 female and 2 male patients. The average age was （35.25±4.61） years old， and median disease duration was 1.9 （0.6， 6.0） months. 7 with acute onset， 2 subacute onset， and 3 chronic onset. The main clinical manifestations were headache in 12 cases， increased intracranial pressure in 10 cases， visual impairment in 7 cases， papilledema in 7 cases， diplopia or eye movement disorder in 4 cases， nausea and vomiting in 4 cases. MR venography （MRV） showed venous involvement in 8 cases of sigmoid sinus， 7 cases of internal jugular vein， 6 cases of transverse sinus and 5 cases of superior sagittal sinus. The incidence of thrombocytopenia in APS patients with CVST （5/12） was significantly higher than that in non CVST patients （11.1%，4/36）， and the difference was statistically significant （P=0.032）. All patients received anticoagulant therapy， some of them received antiplatelet， intravascular recanalization， dehydration， intracranial pressure reduction and hormone therapy. All the 12 patients improved at the time of discharge， and there was no recurrence during the follow-up period of 6-28 months. Conclusions APS patients need to be aware of the possibility of CVST. When the patients with APS have symptoms of intracranial hypertension， it is suggested to improve the imaging examination such as MRV of the head as soon as possible to evaluate whether there is CVST， so as to make early diagnosis and treatment for better prognosis.

Abstract:Objective To explore the effect of combining antidepressants with Morita therapy and antidepressants alone in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Methods PubMed， VIP， CNKI and WANFANG MED ONLINE were searched for literature on Morita therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Meta-analysis of the literature included in the study was conducted using RevMan5.3 software. Results A total of 12 articles were included. The results of the analysis showed that the rehabilitation effect of compulsive，anxious and social functions in the Morita group was better than that of the control group （P ＜ 0.01）， and the total efficiency of the Morita group was higher than that of the control group （P ＜ 0.01）. Conclusions The combination of the Morita therapy with antidepressants can better improve compulsive， anxiety symptoms and social function in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder.

Abstract:Depression is a common affective disorder and a major factor in the global burden of disease. There is a gender difference in the incidence of depression， and women are more likely to suffer from depression. Gender difference in depression may lead to individualized differences in treatment and intervention， but the mechanism of such differences has not yet been fully defined， and it may be caused by multiple factors. This paper will analyze the gender difference of depression from the perspectives of sex hormone， heredity， immunity and psychosocial factors， so as to further understand the pathogenesis and neuropathological basis of the gender difference of depression.

Abstract:Antipsychotic medications （APs） are the most important way to treat schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders， especially the second-generation-antipsychotics（SGAs）， which are significantly related with weight gain in schizophrenia. APs with a high tendency of weight gain， such as clozapine and olanzapine， will affect the expression of immune genes and cause changes in serum cytokine levels， thus eventually downregulate neuroinflammation. Recently increasing evidence suggests that the APs changes the levels of cytokines to prevent the hypothalamus loop back by anorexia reaction energy balance， eventually lead to weight gain. This article reviews the relationship between serum cytokines and weight gain in schizophrenia. On this basis， it can provide references for clinicians to screen potential biomarkers of antipsychotic-induced weight gain.

Abstract:Visual hallucination is the most common type of Parkinson disease psychosis. The pathogenesis of Parkinson disease with visual hallucination has not been clarified and the clinical treatment is difficult. There has been great achievement in the imaging research of Parkinson disease with visual hallucination in recent years. Thus， this paper reviews the advances in imaging research of Parkinson disease with visual hallucination， in order to provide a new insight for the elucidation of pathogenesis and the development of therapeutic drugs.

Abstract:Eating disorder （ED） is a common mental disorder with abnormal eating behavior as the main clinical manifestation. The pathology is still unclear and the treatment is difficult. The prevalence rate of anorexia nervosa （AN） increases gradually and the mortality rate is as high as 5%～20%. At present， the research on the neurobiological mechanism of AN has been increasing. The results show structural and functional changes in the brain of AN. This study discusses the key findings， in order to provide some theoretical basis for future research.

Abstract:Separation anxiety disorder （SAD） has always been considered to be a mental disorder that occurs only in children and adolescents. There is increasing evidence showing that adult separation anxiety disorder （ASAD） is not uncommon. In the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders （DSM-5）， ASAD was included in the diagnosis of mental illness for the first time. However， so far domestic and foreign studies on the pathogenesis， treatment and other aspects of ASAD are extremely limited， further more， domestic related studies are almost zero. Due to the lack of appropriate treatment guidelines， psychiatrists rarely diagnose ASAD alone. This article mainly reviews the research status of ASAD pathogenesis， diagnosis and treatment

Abstract:Magnetoencephalography （MEG） and Electroencephalogram （EEG） （MEG/EEG） are both non-invasive neuroelectrophysiological technologies， which can detect synaptic dysfunction in the early stage of disease and track the disease progression. Although they imply special neurophysiological significance， they have not yet listed as biomarks for diagnosis of Alzheimer disease （AD） continuum so far. This paper discussed the role of MEG/EEG in the pathophysiological mechanism of the AD-continuum. This paper also reviewed the diagnostic value of MEG/EEG in pre-clinical and pre-dementia stage of AD and their effects in predicting disease progression of early AD patients.

Abstract: