Abstract:In recent years， the study found that people with depression are widespread obvious selective attention bias， with excessive attention to negative emotional information， difficult to remove， and lack of attention to positive emotional bias. It is found that it may be not only an important factor of recurrence of depression， but also an important indicator of diagnosis and evaluation， and even an important target for depression treatment. Yet， more evidence is needed to support this theory. In this paper， the mechanism and treatment of obvious selective attention bias in depression are illustrated

Abstract:Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of transcranial direct current stimulation（ tDCS） on patients with alcohol use disorder（ AUD）. Methods A total of 34 inpatients with AUD in Wuhan Mental Health Center were selected and randomly divided into study group（ 24 cases） and control group（ 10 cases） at a ratio of 2∶1. The study group received 1.5 mA of tDCS over the right anode/left cathode dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for 20 minutes during ten consecutive days， while the control group received sham tDCS treatment. Visual analog scale for craving， Hamilton Depression Scale， Hamilton Anxiety Scale， Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index， Identification task， 2-back task and Stop signal task were used to assess the efficacy of tDCS before and after the intervention. The adverse reaction of patients were recorded during invention. Results Repeated-measure ANOVA showed that there was significant group and time interaction in Hamilton Anxiety Scale scores（ F=7.172，P=0.012）. Further analysis found that compared to the baseline， cue-induced craving， anxiety， depression and working memory were significant improved in the study group［ 3.50（0.00，5.53） vs 5.80（3.35，10.00），1.00（0.00， 3.00） vs 5.50（1.00，9.00）， 0.00（0.00，1.00） vs 2.00（2.00，6.00），（ 1.02±0.18） vs（ 0.84±0.20）， respectively，all P＜ 0.05］ ， which was not observed in the control group. Moreover， only the Hamilton Depression Scale score in the study group was lower than that of control group［ 3.00（0.50，3.00）］ after 10 days of intervention， with a statistically significant difference（ Z=-2.465，P=0.020）.The adverse reactions were mild and the difference of rates of adverse reaction between two groups was no statistical significance. Conclusions This study preliminarily demonstrated that tDCS may play a certain role in reducing cue-induced craving， depression， and anxiety and improving working memory in patients with alcohol use disorders. Serious aduerse reactions wasn's found.

Abstract:Objective To explore the mental health status of violent schizophrenic caregivers and its influencing factors. Methods A total of 487 violent schizophrenics caregivers in Chongqing Mental Health Center from January 2014 to December 2016 were selected by continuous sampling. Another 479 non-violent schizophrenics caregivers with similar gender， age， education background and course of disease were selected as control and evaluated by Symptom Checklist-90（ SCL-90） and Social Support Rating Scale（ SSRs）. Results The total score of violent schizophrenics group caregivers in SCL-90［ （176.23±54.59） vs（ 167.26±63.06）］， somatization［ （22.72±7.25） vs（ 21.46±8.74）］， obsession［ （20.67±6.36） vs（ 19.65±6.93）］， interpersonal sensitivity［ （18.18±6.51） vs（ 17.25±6.56）］， depression［ （25.79±9.08） vs（ 24.45±9.68）］， anxiety ［（18.89±6.72） vs（ 17.96±7.16）］， hostility［ （11.22±4.93） vs（ 10.40±4.68）］， terror［ （13.05±5.62） vs （12.28±5.76）］， paranoia［ （11.97±4.54） vs（ 11.27±5.06）］， psychosis［ （19.91±7.20） vs（ 18.96±7.86）］， and other［ （14.25±6.16） vs（ 13.38±5.54） and objective support［ （6.11±1.84） vs（ 5.85±2.11）］， subjective support［ （15.39±3.75） vs（ 14.85±3.75）］ and support utilization［ （6.63±1.97） vs（ 5.92±2.12）］ were all higher than those of non-violent schizophrenia group， and the differences were statistically significant（ P ＜ 0.05）. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the course of disease and subjective support had an impact on the mental health of caregivers（ F=14.567， P＜ 0.001）. Conclusions The mental health level of the violent schizophrenics caregivers is worse than that of the non-violent schizophrenics caregivers. Differences between them are affected by course of disease and subjective support.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the changes of plasma monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 （MCP-1） and its relationship with body mass index（ BMI） and gender in patients with first-episode major depressive disorder（ fMDD）. Methods In this prospective case-control study， 47 first-episode depressive patients（ meeting the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder， fourth edition of the diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental illness） were enrolled as the research subjects. 91 health individuals matched in age and sex were enrolled as the control group. The plasma level of MCP-1 was measured by MILLIPLEX MAP liquid chip system. The difference of MCP-1 levels was analyzed between fMDD patients and controls. In order to analyze the relationship between MCP-1 and BMI， gender， the participants were divided into underweight， normal， overweight and obese groups according to BMI. Results The plasma MCP-1 levels in fMDD patients were（ 197.61±60.73）ng/L， which was lower than that in the control group（ 222.29±65.49） ng/L P=0.035）. The level of plasma MCP-1 was positively correlated with BMI in both healthy controls（ r=0.360， P＜0.001） and fMDD patients（ r=0.435，P=0.003）. The MCP-1 level of fMDD patients with low and normal BMI ［（181.21±47.12）ng/L］ was significantly lower than that of controls with low and normal BMI［ （212.54±64.35）ng/L； t=2.481，P=0.015］. There was no statistical significance in the MCP-1 level difference between the two groups in overweight and obese participants（ P＞ 0.05）. The MCP-1 level of male participants in fMDD group ［（207.86±59.54）ng/L］ was lower than that in the control group［ （262.95±66.24）ng/L］， with statistical significance（ t=2.829，P=0.007）. There was no significant change in MCP-1 levels in female patients compared with the controls（ P=0.639）. Conclusions The results indicated the plasma MCP-1 levels were significantly reduced in the fMDD patients compared to controls， especially in male patients， and the decrease of MCP-1 level was related to the degree of obesity in fMDD patients， suggesting that the interaction between MCP-1 and obesity was closely related to depression.

Abstract:Objective To explore the characteristics of family function in children and adolescents with major depressive disorde（r MDD） and suicide attemp（t SA）. Methods From January 2019 to January 2020， 66 children and adolescents aged from 11 to 18 years with MDD and SA were recruited from the outpatient department and inpatient department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University（ MDD with SA group） and 75 children and adolescents with MDD without SA（ MDD without SA group）. 70 healthy children were recruited from the society and schools by posting advertisements（ healthy control group）. The severity of depression was assessed by Beck Depression Inventory. Family general condition scale and Family Assessment Device（ FAD） scale were used to investigate general family function and the seven dimensions of family function. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of children and adolescents with MDD and SA. Results There was no significant difference in the score of Beck Depression Inventory between MDD with SA group and MDD without SA group［ 35.00（28.00，42.00） vs 34.0（27.00，41.00），Z=1.310，P=0.190］. Compared with the healthy control group， the results of MDD with SA group were as follows： the emotional response factor ［18.00（15.00，19.50） vs 15.00（13.00，17.00），Z=-4.741，P ＜ 0.01］， communication factor［ 25.00（22.50， 28.00） vs 21.00（19.00，23.00），Z=-5.310，P＜ 0.01］， role factor［ 31.00（28.00，34.00） vs 28.00（26.00），Z= -4.434，P ＜ 0.01］， emotional intervention factors［16.00（14.00，19.00） vs 13.00（12.00，15.00） score，Z= -4.426，P＜0.01］， behavior control factor［ 22.00（20.00，23.00） vs 20.00（18.00，22.00），Z=-3.451，P=0.002］， problem solving factor［ 15.00（12.00，17.00） vs 13.00（12.00，14.50），Z=-3.404，P ＜ 0.01］， general function factor［ 32.00（27.00，35.00） vs 25.00（23.00，28.00），Z=-5.337，P＜0.01］. High affective responsiveness score（ OR=1.150， 95%CI=1.036-1.278，P=0.009）， family disharmony（ OR=5.912， 95%CI=2.319-15.090， P＜0.01）， poor health status（ OR=6.360， 95%CI=1.964-20.594，P=0.002） and mother's education background （Bachelor degree or above）（ OR=5.392， 95%CI=1.539-18.900，P=0.008） were the related factors of SA in children and adolescents with MDD. Conclusions Children and adolescents with MDD and SA often have poor family function， which is related to MDD and SA.

Abstract:To explore the biological indicators of depression has always been a hot research topic. Eye movement tracking technology has been used to study mood regulation， emotional information processing and mental movement disorders in patients with depression. This paper mainly reviews the application of exploratory eye movement， saccadic eye movements and free-view task in depression assessment， as well as its possible value in clinical practice， and discusses the future research direction.

Abstract:Major depressive disorder is a common mood disorder. The latest treatment guidelines have pointed out that comprehensive intervention based on assessment should be taken in the whole course of the disease. It is found that how people use smart phones can reflect their emotion， language， and social interaction related to depressive activity and severity. Thus smart phone usage behavior has the potential to be an objective evaluation indicator of depression. By collecting the smart phone usage behaviors of relevant people in their daily life environment， this paper hopes to find behavioral indicators that can reflect the severity of depression symptoms， and provide a basis for the establishment of an objective indicator system for the assessment of depression symptoms in the future.

Abstract:The pathogenesis of depression is not clear yet. At present， the evaluation of symptoms is mainly based on the subjective evaluation of psychiatrists， and there is a lack of objective indicators. As researchers continuously explore biological indicators， they provide more possibilities for objective assessment of symptoms. In this paper， the research status of objective parameters of immunoinflammation， neuroimaging， and neuroelectrophysiology in recent years are systematically analyzes.

Abstract:Objective To explore the application of task-oriented training combined with transcranial direct current stimulation in the recovery of hand and foot motor function of stroke patients. Methods By convenience sampling， 100 patients with stroke in convalescent period admitted to the Department of Neurology of Hengshui People's Hospital from July 2016 to December 2018 were selected as the research objects. They were randomly divided into control group and combined group， with 50 patients in each group. Patients in the control group received transcranial direct current stimulation， while patients in the combined group were given task-oriented training combined with transcranial direct current stimulation. Brunnstrom hand grading and upper limb function evaluation and arm movement survey test form（ ARAT） in Fugl-Meyer evaluation（ FMA） were used to evaluate the recovery of hand motor function before and after treatment； Berg Balance Scale（ BBS） was used to evaluate the balance function， and the pace and length of patients before and after treatment； Holden's Walking Function Classification（ HWG） was used to evaluate the walking ability of patients before and after treatment； The Motor Function Evaluation Scale of Stroke Patients（ MAS） was used to evaluate the functional activities of patients before and after treatment， and the modified Barthel index（ MBI） was used to evaluate patients' daily life ability before and after treatment， and the adverse reactions were recorded. Results After treatment， the Brunnstrom hand grading of the combined group was better than that of the control group（ Z=-0.312， P=0.016）. FMA score［ （31.45±9.79） points］， ARAT score［ （35.67±8.71） points］， BBS score［ （42.57±9.47） points］， walking speed［ （44.67±6.89） m/min］， step length［ （57.35±13.31） cm］， HWG grade（ 4.73±0.91）， MAS score［ （27.47±8.93） points］， MBI（ 65.37±19.82） in the control group were all better than those in the control group［ （23.83±7.23），（ 20.46±4.67），（ 33.42±7.78），（ 32.21±6.47） m/min，（ 46.65±13.34） cm， （3.75±0.88），（ 20.52±8.94） points，（ 54.35±20.51）］， and the difference was statistically significant（ P＜0.01）； There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups（ P ＞ 0.05）. Conclusions Task-oriented training combined with transcranial direct current stimulation can effectively improve the hand and foot function and the ability of daily life of patients with stroke in recovery period.

Abstract:Transcranial magnetic stimulation（ TMS） has been widely used in psychiatry since its introduction. In addition to its application in depression and schizophrenia， it also plays an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and treatment of autism spectrum disorder（ ASD）. This paper summarizes the latest literature on the application of TMS in ASD research.， with generalizing the research hypothesis， relevant research results and future research directions in the fields of clinical intervention and scientific research respectively， to provide reference for better application of this technique in the treatment of ASD.

Abstract:Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation（ DTMS） is a new non-invasive physiotherapy intervention technique developed based on transcranial magnetic stimulation technology. It has the advantages of deep target and wide range of action， and has outstanding advantages in the treatment of mental diseases and mechanism exploration. This paper mainly introduces the clinical research progress of DTMS in mental diseases.

Abstract:Mild behavioral impairment（ MBI） is the syndrome which first characterized by mental and behavioral symptoms without severe cognitive impairment after 50 years old. Previous study found that MBI can easily develop into dementia and can be used as a precursor to dementia. Early recognition and intervention of MBI patients will significantly delay the occurrence and development of dementia. This review introduces the origin of the MBI concept， diagnostic criteria， evaluation scale and so on

Abstract:Obstructive sleep apnea（ OSA） has a serious impact on patients' physical and mental functions as well as their quality of life. Therefore， cognitive impairment caused by OSA has become a hot research topic. At present， the pathogenesis and related treatment of cognitive impairment caused by OSA are still not completely clear. This paper reviews the related mechanisms and treatment of cognitive impairment caused by OSA， so as to improve relevant understandings

Abstract:Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures（ PNES） are one of the most common clinical types of conversion disorders. The patients showed paroxysmal activities similar to epileptic seizures in movement， sensation， and behavior， which lacked biological origin and had no corresponding epileptic electrophysiological characteristics. The diagnosis and treatment of PNES has always been a difficult point in clinical work. At present， psychotherapy is recommended as the most effective treatment. The application of psychotherapy in psychogenic non-epileptic seizures is now reviewed in this paper to provide useful reference for the diagnosis and treatment of PNES.

Abstract: