Abstract:Objective To explore the impact of clinical symptoms and executive function on self-esteem in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD）. Methods From June 2017 to September 2018， a total of 122 children aged 8 to 12 years with ADHD who visited the pediatric clinic of Shanghai Mental Health Center were selected as the study group. At the same time， 66 healthy children from grade 2 to grade 6 in a primary school in Jiading District of Shanghai were selected as the control group. Compare the selfesteem of the two groups using the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale （PHCSS）. The clinical symptoms and executive function of children in the study group were investigated using the Swanson Nolan and PelhamVersion Ⅳ （SNAP- Ⅳ）， Stroop Color-Word Test （SCWT）， and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Version Ⅳ （WISC-Ⅳ）. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between PHCSS scores， clinical symptoms， and executive performance in children with ADHD. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of self-esteem in children with ADHD. Results The total score and scores of various dimensions of PHCSS in the study group were lower than those in the control group， and the differences were statistically significant （t=-6.18-2.24， P ＜ 0.01）. The Pearson correlation analysis results showed that the correct reading of Table B in SCWT was positively correlated with the total score， social dimension score，and happiness and satisfaction dimension score of PHCSS （r=0.24， 0.26，0.19；P＜ 0.05）， while hyperactivity impulse in SNAP-Ⅳ was positively correlated with the scores of intelligence and school situation dimensions， body and appearance attribute dimensions in PHCSS （r=0.19，0.23；P ＜ 0.05）. The hyperactivity impulses in SNAP- Ⅳ and the correct reading of Table B in SCWT are influencing factors for self-esteem in children with ADHD （t=2.818，3.041；P＜ 0.05）. Conclusions The level of self-esteem of ADHD children is lower than that of healthy children. The self-esteem level of ADHD children is affected by hyperactivity symptoms and the ability of individual response inhibition.

Abstract:Objective To explore the effect of the strengths-based cognitive behavioral therapy （SBCBT） model on self-esteem in adolescent patients with depression. Methods A total of 89 adolescent patients with depression， who were treated in the outpatient department or hospitalized in Hebei Provincial Sixth People's Hospital from August 2019 to June 2021 were selected as research subjects. All the subjects were randomly divided into the combined treatment group （n=44） and the sertraline group （n=45）. The sertraline group was given drug treatment， and the combined treatment group was given 8 SBCBT interventions on the basis of the sertraline group. Self-Esteem Scale （SES）， Hamilton Depression Scale-17 （HAMD-17）， and Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA） were measured at baseline and 6 weeks after intervention to evaluated the level of self-esteem， depression and anxiety. Correlation between SES score difference and HAMD-17 score difference were analyzed. Results After the 6-week of intervention， the SES scores of the combined treatment group were significantly higher than those before treatment （F=189.91， P＜ 0.001）， and the scores of HAMD-17 and HAMA were lower than those before treatment （F=833.48，86.94； P＜ 0.01）； The scores of SES in the combined treatment group were higher than those in the control group （F=13.94， P ＜ 0.01）， while the scores of HAMD-17 and HAMA were lower than those in the control group （F=57.98，4.66； P ＜ 0.05）. The difference in SES scores between pre- and post-treatment for patients in the combined treatment group was （5.2±3.6） points， which was positively correlated with the difference in HAMD-17 （12.2±5.4） points （r=0.26， P＜ 0.05）， and did not correlate with the difference in HAMA total score （11.6±13.6） points （r=0.047， P＞ 0.05）. Conclusions It suggests that SBCBT is beneficial to improve the anxiety and depression of adolescent patients with depression， and enhancing the level of self-esteem.

Abstract:Objective To explore the relevant factors of suicidal tendencies among inpatients with major depressive disorder. Methods A total of 1 160 patients with depressive disorder who were hospitalized in Beijing Anding Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from November 2017 to December 2018 were selected as subjects and divided into suicide group （n=431） and non-suicide group （n=729） according to suicidal tendencies （including suicidal ideation and attempted suicide）. The clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared， and the binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relevant factors of suicidal tendencies among inpatients with major depressive disorder. Results Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender， impulsive personality， history of psychoactive substance dependence， family history of suicide， history of major mental trauma， and severity of depression （χ2 =5.841，33.806，5.869，5.585，5.499，33.311， respectively；P ＜ 0.05）. Binary Logistic regression analysis revealed that impulsive personality （OR=2.445， 95%CI：1.802-3.319）， history of psychoactive substance dependence （OR=2.254， 95%CI：1.038-4.894）， history of major mental trauma （OR=1.533， 95%CI：1.056-2.226）， and severity of depression （OR=2.754，95%CI：2.002-3.790） were the influencing factors for suicidal tendencies of inpatients with depressive disorders. Conclusions Impulsive personality， history of psychoactive substance dependence， history of major trauma， and major depressive symptoms may increase suicidal tendencies among inpatients with depressive disorders.

Abstract:Depression is often accompanied by pain symptoms， and common sensory pathways and neural circuits may be the reasons for the coexistence of depression and pain symptoms， providing theoretical basis and potential targets for neuroregulatory therapy. In recent years， many researches and practices of noninvasive neuromodulation such as electroconvulsive shock therapy， transcranial magnetic stimulation， transcranial electrical stimulation， transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation， light therapy and transcranial ultrasound stimulation in the treatment of depression and pain symptoms are developing rapidly. All the above noninvasive neuromodulation therapy may provide new therapeutic choices in the treatment of depression with pain symptoms. We reviewed the progress in this field which may provide references for further research and clinical practice.

Abstract:Depression has become a prominent public health problem in China， but its exact biological mechanism has not been fully understood. Among them， more and more attention has been paid to the inflammatory mechanism of depression. Studies have shown that exercise can prevent and treat depression. We reviewed the progress of molecular inflammatory and cellular inflammatory mechanisms associated with exercise for depression.

Abstract:Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of the family burden of epilepsy in children， and to provide a basis for promoting reasonable management of epilepsy in children and reducing the family burden of epilepsy in children. Methods Parents of 315 epileptic children who were hospitalized in the Department of Neurology of Xi'an Children's Hospital from January to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects by the convenient sampling method. A self-designed general questionnaire， maternal pregnancy and childbirth situation questionnaire， disease related information questionnaire and Family Burden Scale （FBS） were applied to investigate the general information， maternal situation， disease situation and family burden status of children with epilepsy. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to analyze the influencing factors of family burden of epilepsy in children. Results The total FBS score was （17.95±11.36）， and the standardized score of family financial burden dimension was 1.0（0.8，1.6）. The financial burden of 70.48% （222/315） of families of children with epilepsy was at a moderate or higher level. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the occupation of the father， annual family income， frequency of outdoor activities， epilepsy comorbidities， frequency of seizures and multidrug therapy were all influencing factors of family burden （P ＜ 0.05）. Conclusions Among the families with epilepsy， the economic burden is the heaviest， with a moderate or higher level. Families of children with epilepsy with unstable father occupation， low family annual income， comorbidities of epilepsy， low frequency of outdoor activities， seizures not effectively controlled， and multiple drug treatment need more attention.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of carboplatin combined with etoposide （CE） in the treatment of secondary/recurrent high-grade glioma. Methods From October 2018 to January 2021， 5 patients with secondary high-grade gliomas and 47 patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas treated with CE chemotherapy in the Department of Neuro-oncology， Cancer Center， Beijing Tiantan Hospital， Capital Medical University were collected. Among them， 14 patients received CE and bevacizumab treatment for severe brain edema. 10 patients who were diagnosed as leptomeningeal dissemination received CE and intrathecal methotrexate chemotherapy. Follow up endpoint was all cause death. Evaluate the efficacy according to Response Assessment in Neuro-oncology Criteria （RANO） standards and evaluate the adverse reactions with reference to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0 （CTCAE 5.0）. Kaplan-Meier curve was used to analyze progression-free survival （PFS） and overall survival （OS）. Cox proportional risk model was used to evaluate the prognostic value of CE treatment in patients with secondary/recurrent high-grade gliomas. Results The median OS of all patients after initial diagnosis was 27 months （10-166 months）； the median OS after CE treatment was 8 months （1-26 months）； the median PFS was 6 months （1-9 months）， and the median OS of patients with pia mater dissemination was 9 months （3-19 months）. Among the 40 patients who could be evaluated for efficacy using enhanced magnetic resonance imaging， 10 （25%） had partial remission， 24 （60%） had stable disease， 6 （15%） had disease progression， 10 had objective remission， and 34 had disease control. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that previous adjuvant temozolomide ≥ 6 cycles （HR=2.157， 95%CI=1.009-4.612） and CE chemotherapy ≥ 4 cycles （HR=2.671， 95%CI=1.189- 6.003） were the prognostic factors of secondary and 47 patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas （P ＜ 0.05）. The adverse reactions of patients were mainly grade 1-2. Seven patients had grade 3-4 hematology toxicity， and one patient had grade 3 gastrointestinal reaction. Conclusions CE can prolong the survival period of patients with secondary/recurrent high-grade glioma， and there is a trend of benefit for patients with combined leptomeningeal dissemination in the treatment of CE combined with sheath chemotherapy. The overall safety of the CE scheme is good

Abstract:Objective To examine the effects of sleep quality and psychological resilience on the relationship between peer relationship and loneliness in adolescents with mixed anxiety and depressive disorder （MADD）. Methods A total of 265 adolescents diagnosed with MADD， who visited or were hospitalized in the Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychology of Daqing Third Hospital from September 2020 to June 2021， were selected as the research subjects by convenience sampling method. Adolescent Peer Relationship Scale， University of California， Los Angeles （UCLA） Loneliness Scale， Resilience Scale for Children and Adolescent （RSCA）， Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） were used to investigate. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation among peer relationship， loneliness， sleep quality and psychological resilience of MADD adolescents. The model 6 in SPSS PROCESS macro program was a used to test the mediating effect. A total of 280 questionnaires were distributed in this study， and 265 valid questionnaires were collected， with an effective response rate of 93.00%. Results The score of the Adolescent Peer Relationship Scale in MADD adolescents was （59.69±12.93）， the score of the UCLA Loneliness Scale was （56.49±10.83）， the RSCA score was （67.68±15.72）， and the PSQI score was （10.31±3.92）. In MADD adolescents， sleep quality was positively correlated with peer relationship， sleep quality with loneliness， and peer relationship with loneliness （r=0.49， 0.50， 0.76； P＜0.01）， while psychological resilience was negatively correlated with peer relationship， loneliness， and sleep quality （r=-0.65， -0.69， -0.47； P ＜ 0.01）. Psychological resilience played a partial mediating role in the relationship between peer relationship and loneliness in adolescents with MADD. The mediating effect consisted of three pathways： peer relationship-sleep quality-loneliness； peer relationshipresilience-loneliness； peer relationship-sleep quality-resilience-loneliness. The effect value of these three pathways accounted for 6.94%， 21.73% and 3.93% of the total effect， respectively. The total indirect effect accounted for 32.59% of the total effect. Conclusions In addition to directly influencing the sense of loneliness of adolescents with mixed anxiety and depression disorder， peer relations also indirectly affect the sense of loneliness through the mediation of sleep quality and psychological resilience， and the chain mediation of sleep quality and psychological resilience.

Abstract:Parkinson disease （PD） is a common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly. Multidisciplinary management is an effective treatment. Non-pharmacological management is an important part of multidisciplinary management， which runs through the whole course of PD. In this paper， the dimensions， contents， roles and measures of the multidisciplinary non-pharmacological management of PD were discussed， and the prospects and reflections were put forward， hoping to have certain guiding significance for the multidisciplinary non-pharmacological management of PD.

Abstract:As a common category of ischemic stroke， branch atheromatous disease （BAD） always manifests as progressive motor deficiency and early neurological deterioration. There is a lack of early identification means of BAD currently. This article mainly reviews the research progress of early diagnosis of BAD from the perspectives of peripheral blood biology and imaging markers， which helps deepen clinical physicians' understanding of the disease and provides important assistance for its early prevention， treatment， and improvement of patient prognosis.

Abstract:Bipolar disorder is a group of severe mental disorders with high morbidity， high disability rate and high mortality， in which comorbid metabolic syndrome can lead to more adverse clinical outcomes. So far， the pathophysiological mechanism between the two is not clear. At present， a lot of studies have found a link among bipolar disorder， metabolism and immune inflammation. This article reviews the related research on metabolic abnormalities in bipolar disorder from the aspects of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）， anti-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines， in order to provide a preliminary basis for early monitoring indicators of metabolic syndrome in bipolar disorder.

Abstract:Acute ischemic stroke is characterized by high incidence rate， high disability rate and high recurrence rate， resulting in a high burden on the family and society. Compared with non atrial fibrillation （AF） related stroke， AF related stroke has more severe symptoms， higher disability rate， higher mortality， and easy recurrence. Due to the oversimplification of the traditional association mechanism between AF and stroke， many hypotheses have emerged regarding the mechanism of AF causing stroke， such as endothelial injury， hypercoagulable state， inflammation， atrial remodeling， and left atrial morphology. Inflammatory markers are important factors in the development of atrial fibrillation and stroke. Therefore， research on the correlation between inflammatory factors and AF related stroke is of great significance for stroke prevention in AF patients and clinical medication guidance for AF related stroke. This article mainly reviews the relationship between inflammatory factors and AF related stroke.

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